Quantum fluctuations and condensate fraction during the time-of-flight expansion

Details Quantum fluctuations and condensate fraction during the time-of-flight expansion Quantum fluctuations and condensate fraction during the time-of-flight expansion

2009-10-08

arxiv.org/abs/0910.1518v2

Phys. Rev. A (Rapid Commun.) 82, 031601 (2010)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

4 pages and 3 figures, the same as the published version

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.82.031601

The quantum fluctuation effects in the time-of-flight (TOF) experiment for a condensate released from an optical lattice potential is studied within the truncated Wigner approximation. By investigating both the spatial and momentum density distributions, we find that the condensate fraction decreases monotonically in time and hence cannot be measured in the standard TOF image. We then propose a semi-quantitative analysis for such dynamical quantum depletion process. Our study shows a universal algebraic decay of the true condensate fraction, and have a very good agreement with numerical results. We also discuss possible methods to determine the condensate fraction inside the optical lattice, and its implication to the TOF experiments in higher dimensional systems.

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