Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
1999-11-16
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
28 pages RevTeX, 4 figures. To be published in "Quantum Mesoscopic Phenomena and Mesoscopic Devices in Microelectronics," eds.
Scientific paper
In this chapter we explore the connection between mesoscopic physics and quantum computing. After giving a bibliography providing a general introduction to the subject of quantum information processing, we review the various approaches that are being considered for the experimental implementation of quantum computing and quantum communication in atomic physics, quantum optics, nuclear magnetic resonance, superconductivity, and, especially, normal-electron solid state physics. We discuss five criteria for the realization of a quantum computer and consider the implications that these criteria have for quantum computation using the spin states of single-electron quantum dots. Finally, we consider the transport of quantum information via the motion of individual electrons in mesoscopic structures; specific transport and noise measurements in coupled quantum dot geometries for detecting and characterizing electron-state entanglement are analyzed.
Burkard Guido
DiVincenzo David P.
Loss Daniel
Sukhorukov Eugene V.
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