Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-02-08
Contemporary Physics, Volume 48, Issue 1 January 2007, pages 13 - 30
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
Material covered till Dec 2006
Scientific paper
10.1080/00107510701342313
We present an introductory overview of the use of spin chains as quantum wires, which has recently developed into a topic of lively interest. The principal motivation is in connecting quantum registers without resorting to optics. A spin chain is a permanently coupled 1D system of spins. When one places a quantum state on one end of it, the state will be dynamically transmitted to the other end with some efficiency if the spins are coupled by an exchange interaction. No external modulations or measurements on the body of the chain, except perhaps at the very ends, is required for this purpose. For the simplest (uniformly coupled) chain and the simplest encoding (single qubit encoding), however, dispersion reduces the quality of transfer. We present a variety of alternatives proposed by various groups to achieve perfect quantum state transfer through spin chains. We conclude with a brief discussion of the various directions in which the topic is developing.
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