Pseudogap temperature along the Widom line of a first-order transition in doped Mott insulators

Details Pseudogap temperature along the Widom line of a first-order transition in doped Mott insulators Pseudogap temperature along the Widom line of a first-order transition in doped Mott insulators

2011-10-06

arxiv.org/abs/1110.1392v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Strongly Correlated Electrons

5 pages, 4 figures and supplementary information

Scientific paper

The phase diagram of hole-doped high-temperature superconductors remains puzzling. A state of matter with unusual physical properties, dubbed "the pseudogap", is found below a characteristic temperature $T^*$ in a doped Mott insulator. Since the superconducting state is born out of the pseudogap over much of the phase diagram, the nature of the pseudogap is a fundamental issue in the field and it is under intense theoretical and experimental scrutiny. In many cases, it is not even clear whether $T^*$ is a crossover or a phase transition. Here we show, by constructing the normal-state phase diagram of the archetypal model of strongly correlated electron systems, that $T^*$ is a crossover line above a critical endpoint, while below that point it is a first-order phase transition between two metallic phases, one with a pseudogap and one without. Thus $T^*$ appears in a new light: it is an unexpected example of a phenomenon observed in fluids, namely a sharp crossover between different dynamical regimes along a line of thermodynamic anomalies that appears above a first-order phase transition, the Widom line. Our findings thus suggest that the critical point of a first-order transition can be the organizing principle for the rich behavior of the normal state of the cuprates.

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