Probing condensate order in deep optical lattices

Details Probing condensate order in deep optical lattices Probing condensate order in deep optical lattices

2008-11-17

arxiv.org/abs/0811.2798v3

Phys. Rev. A 79, 043422 (2009)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

15 pages, 9 figures, RevTeX; content changed, references changed

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.79.043422

We study interacting bosons in optical lattices in the weak-tunneling regime in systems that exhibit the coexistence of Mott-insulating and condensed phases. We discuss the nature of the condensed ground state in this regime and the validity of the mean-field treatment thereof. We suggest two experimental signatures of condensate order in the system. (1) We analyze the hyperfine configuration of the system and propose a set of experimental parameters for observing radio-frequency spectra that would demonstrate the existence of the condensed phase between Mott-insulating phases. We derive the structure of the signal from the condensate in a typical trapped system, taking into account Goldstone excitations, and discuss its evolution as a function of temperature. (2) We study matter-wave interference patterns displayed by the system upon release from all confining potentials. We show that as the density profiles evolve very differently for the Mott-insulating phase and the condensed phase, they can be distinguished from one another when the two phases coexist.

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