Phases and Transitions in the Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard Model: Systematics of a Mean-field Theory

Details Phases and Transitions in the Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard Model: Systematics of a Mean-field Theory Phases and Transitions in the Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard Model: Systematics of a Mean-field Theory

2007-05-15

arxiv.org/abs/0705.2080v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

11 pages, 11 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.77.014503

We generalize the mean-field theory for the spinless Bose-Hubbard model to account for the different types of superfluid phases that can arise in the spin-1 case. In particular, our mean-field theory can distinguish polar and ferromagnetic superfluids, Mott insulators which arise at integer fillings at zero temperature, and normal Bose liquids into which the Mott insulators evolve at finite temperatures. We find, in contrast to the spinless case, that several of the superfluid-Mott insulator transitions are first-order at finite temperatures. Our systematic study yields rich phase diagrams that include, first-order and second-order transitions, and a variety of tricritical points. We discuss the possibility of realizing such phase diagrams in experimental systems.

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