Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2007-06-27
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
4 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.150604
The stability of superfluid currents in a system of ultracold bosons was studied using a moving optical lattice. Superfluid currents in a very weak lattice become unstable when their momentum exceeds 0.5 recoil momentum. Superfluidity vanishes already for zero momentum as the lattice deep reaches the Mott insulator(MI) phase transition. We study the phase diagram for the disappearance of superfluidity as a function of momentum and lattice depth between these two limits. Our phase boundary extrapolates to the critical lattice depth for the superfluid-to-MI transition with 2% precision. When a one-dimensional gas was loaded into a moving optical lattice a sudden broadening of the transition between stable and unstable phases was observed.
Campbell Gretchen K.
Ketterle Wolfgang
Marcassa Luis Gustavo
Medley Patrick
Mun Jongchul
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