Particle Motion in Rapidly Oscillating Potentials: The Role of the Potential's Initial Phase

Details Particle Motion in Rapidly Oscillating Potentials: The Role of the Potential's Initial Phase Particle Motion in Rapidly Oscillating Potentials: The Role of the Potential's Initial Phase

2007-05-18

arxiv.org/abs/0705.2737v3

Phys. Rev. A 76, 013421 (2007)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

9 pages, 8 figures, published in PRA

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.76.013421

Rapidly oscillating potentials with a vanishing time average have been used for a long time to trap charged particles in source-free regions. It has been argued that the motion of a particle in such a potential can be approximately described by a time independent effective potential, which does not depend upon the initial phase of the oscillating potential. However, here we show that the motion of a particle and its trapping condition significantly depend upon this initial phase for arbitrarily high frequencies of the potential's oscillation. We explain this novel phenomenon by showing that the motion of a particle is determined by the effective potential stated in the literature only if its initial conditions are transformed according to a transformation which we show to significantly depend on the potential's initial phase for arbitrarily high frequencies. We confirm our theoretical findings by numerical simulations. Further, we demonstrate that the found phenomenon offers new ways to manipulate the dynamics of particles which are trapped by rapidly oscillating potentials. Finally, we propose a simple experiment to verify the theoretical findings of this work.

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