Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-04-02
PRE 77, 6 (2008)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
17 pages, 19 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevE.77.061309
We report experimental measurements of particle dynamics on slowly sheared granular matter in a three-dimensional (3D) Couette cell. A closely-packed ensemble of transparent spherical beads is confined by an external pressure and filled with fluid to match both the density and refractive index of the beads. This allows us to track tracer particles embedded in the system and obtain three-dimensional trajectories as a function of time. We study the PDF of the vertical and radial displacements, finding Gaussian and exponential distributions, respectively. For slow shear rates, the mean-square fluctuations in all three directions are found to be dependent only on the angular displacement of the Couette cell. Both the diffusivity and mobility of tracer particles are proportional to the shear rate, giving rise to a constant effective temperature, characteristic of the jammed system.
Briscoe Christopher
Makse Hernan A.
Song Chaoming
Wang Ping
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