Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2009-03-25
Physical Review B 79, 195208 (2009)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
v2: STM characterization of n and p type Bi2Se3 is added
Scientific paper
The growth and elementary properties of p-type Bi2Se3 single crystals are reported. Based on a hypothesis about the defect chemistry of Bi2Se3, the p-type behavior has been induced through low level substitutions (1 percent or less) of Ca for Bi. Scanning tunneling microscopy is employed to image the defects and establish their charge. Tunneling and angle resolved photoemission spectra show that the Fermi level has been lowered into the valence band by about 400 meV in Bi1.98Ca0.02Se3 relative to the n-type material. p-type single crystals with ab plane Seebeck coefficients of +180 microVK-1 at room temperature are reported. These crystals show a giant anomalous peak in the Seebeck coefficient at low temperatures, reaching +120 microVK-1 at 7 K, giving them a high thermoelectric power factor at low temperatures. In addition to its interesting thermoelectric properties, p-type Bi2Se3 is of substantial interest for studies of technologies and phenomena proposed for topological insulators.
Cava Robert. J.
Checkelsky Joseph G.
Hasan Zahid Md.
Hor Yew San
Ong N. P.
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