Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2004-06-04
Phys. Rev. B 69, 174414 (2004)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
25 pages and 14 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.69.174414
Within a rather general tight-binding framework, we studied the magnetic properties of Ni$_{n}$ clusters with $n=9$ through 60. In addition to usual hopping, exchange, and spin-orbit coupling terms, our Hamiltonian also included orbital correlation and valence orbital shift of surface atoms. We show that orbital moment not only contributes appreciably to the total moment in this range of cluster size, but also dominates the oscillation of total moment with respect to the cluster size. Surface enhancement is found to occur not only for spin but, even stronger, also for orbital moment. The magnitude of this enhancement depends mainly on the coordination deficit of surface atoms, well described by a simple interpolation. For very small clusters ($n \leq 20$), quantum confinement of 4s electrons has drastic effects on 3$d$ electron occupation, and thus greatly influences both spin and orbital magnetic moments. With physically reasonable parameters to account for orbital correlation and surface valence orbital shift, our results are in good quantitative agreement with available experiments, evidencing the construction of a unified theoretical framework for nano-cluster magnetism.
Dong Jinming
Lee Timothy K.
Wan Xiangang
Wang Ding-sheng
Zhou Lei
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