Orbital Liquid Crystal Phases of Cold Fermions in Optical Lattices

Details Orbital Liquid Crystal Phases of Cold Fermions in Optical Lattices Orbital Liquid Crystal Phases of Cold Fermions in Optical Lattices

2011-05-17

arxiv.org/abs/1105.3387v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

4+ pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

We study instabilities of spinless fermionic atoms in the p-orbital bands in two dimensional optical lattices at non-integer filling against interactions. Charge-density-wave and orbital-density-wave orders with stripe or checkerboard patterns are found for attractive and repulsive interactions, respectively. The superfluid phase, usually expected of attractively interacting fermions, is strongly suppressed. We also use effective field theory to analyze the possible phase transitions from orbital strip order to liquid crystal like phases and find the phase diagram. The condition of Fermi surface nesting, which is key to the above results, is shown robustly independent of fermion fillings in such p-orbital systems, and the $(2k_F ,\pm2k_F)$ wavevector of density wave oscillation is highly tunable. Such remarkable features show the promise of making those exotic orbital phases, which are of broad interest in condensed matter physics, experimentally realizable with optical lattice gases.

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