Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2005-04-03
Nature 434, 484 (2005), including supplementary information
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
26 pages, including 4+2 figures
Scientific paper
10.1038/nature03422
Progress in the fabrication of nanometer-scale electronic devices is opening new opportunities to uncover the deepest aspects of the Kondo effect, one of the paradigmatic phenomena in the physics of strongly correlated electrons. Artificial single-impurity Kondo systems have been realized in various nanostructures, including semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and individual molecules. The Kondo effect is usually regarded as a spin-related phenomenon, namely the coherent exchange of the spin between a localized state and a Fermi sea of electrons. In principle, however, the role of the spin could be replaced by other degrees of freedom, such as an orbital quantum number. Here we demonstrate that the unique electronic structure of carbon nanotubes enables the observation of a purely orbital Kondo effect. We use a magnetic field to tune spin-polarized states into orbital degeneracy and conclude that the orbital quantum number is conserved during tunneling. When orbital and spin degeneracies are simultaneously present, we observe a strongly enhanced Kondo effect, with a multiple splitting of the Kondo resonance at finite field and predicted to obey a so-called SU(4) symmetry.
Dekker Cees
der Zant Herre S. J. van
Franceschi Silvano de
Jarillo-Herrero Pablo
Kong Jing
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