Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order in Bose Liquids: Irrotational Flow and Quantization of Circulation

Details Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order in Bose Liquids: Irrotational Flow and Quantization of Circulation Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order in Bose Liquids: Irrotational Flow and Quantization of Circulation

2001-04-19

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0104359v1

Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2708 (2001)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

Revtex, 4 pages, no figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.2708

On the basis of gauge invariance, it is proven in an elementary and straightforward manner, but without invoking any {\it ad hoc} assumption, that the existence of off-diagonal long-range order in one-particle reduced density matrix in Bose liquids implies both the irrotational flow in a simply connected region and the quantization of circulation in a multiply connected region, the two fundamental properties of a Bose superfluid. The origin for both is the phase coherence of condensate wave-functions. Some relevant issues are also addressed.

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