Observation of universal behaviour of ultracold quantum critical gases

Details Observation of universal behaviour of ultracold quantum critical gases Observation of universal behaviour of ultracold quantum critical gases

2010-07-28

arxiv.org/abs/1007.4877v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

7 pages, 6 figures

Scientific paper

Quantum critical matter has already been studied in many systems, including cold atomic gases. We report the observation of a universal behaviour of ultracold quantum critical Bose gases in a one-dimensional optical lattice. In the quantum critical region above the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, the relative phase fluctuations between neighboring subcondensates and spatial phase fluctuations of quasi-2D subcondensates coexist. We study the density probability distribution function when both these two phase fluctuations are considered. A universal exponential density probability distribution is demonstrated experimentally, which agrees well with a simple theoretical model by considering these two phase fluctuations.

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