Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2008-12-15
Nature Phys. 5, 805 (2009)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
14 pages, 3 figures
Scientific paper
10.1038/nphys1364
One of the most striking manifestations of quantum coherence in interacting boson systems is superfluidity. Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities are two-dimensional composite bosons predicted to behave as particular quantum fluids. We report the observation of superfluid motion of polaritons created by a laser in a semiconductor microcavity. Superfluidity is investigated in terms of the Landau criterion and manifests itself as the suppression of scattering from defects when the flow velocity is slower than the speed of sound in the fluid. On the other hand, a Cerenkov-like wake pattern is clearly observed when the flow velocity exceeds the speed of sound. The experimental findings are in excellent quantitative agreement with the predictions based on a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii theory, showing that polaritons in microcavities constitute a very rich system for exploring the physics of non-equilibrium quantum fluids.
Adrados C.
Amo Alberto
Bramati Alberto
Carusotto Iacopo
Ciuti Cristiano
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