Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2002-06-03
Phys. Rev. B 66, 020507 (2002)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review B Rapid Communications
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020507
Recently Baselmans et al. [Nature, 397, 43 (1999)] showed that the direction of the supercurrent in a superconductor/normal/superconductor Josephson junction can be reversed by applying, perpendicularly to the supercurrent, a sufficiently large control current between two normal reservoirs. The novel behavior of their 4-terminal device (called a controllable PI-junction) arises from the nonequilibrium electron energy distribution established in the normal wire between the two superconductors. We have observed a similar supercurrent reversal in a 3-terminal device, where the control current passes from a single normal reservoir into the two superconductors. We show theoretically that this behavior, although intuitively less obvious, arises from the same nonequilibrium physics present in the 4-terminal device. Moreover, we argue that the amplitude of the PI-state critical current should be at least as large in the 3-terminal device as in a comparable 4-terminal device.
Birge Norman O.
Heikkila Tero T.
Huang Jian
Pierre Frédéric
Wilhelm Frank K.
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