Normal metal - insulator - superconductor interferometer

Details Normal metal - insulator - superconductor interferometer Normal metal - insulator - superconductor interferometer

2003-08-05

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0308088v1

PHYSICAL REVIEW B 70, 064514 (2004)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

11 pages and 8 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.70.064514

Hybrid normal metal - insulator - superconductor microstructures suitable for studying an interference of electrons were fabricated. The structures consist of a superconducting loop connected to a normal metal electrode through a tunnel barrier . An optical interferometer with a beam splitter can be considered as a classical analogue for this system. All measurements were performed at temperatures well below 1 K. The interference can be observed as periodic oscillations of the tunnel current (voltage) through the junction at fixed bias voltage (current) as a function of a perpendicular magnetic field. The magnitude of the oscillations depends on the bias point. It reaches a maximum at energy $eV$ which is close to the superconducting gap and decreases with an increase of temperature. Surprisingly, the period of the oscillations in units of magnetic flux $\Delta \Phi$ is equal neither to $h/e$ nor to $h/2e$, but significantly exceeds these values for larger loop circumferences. The origin of the phenomena is not clear.

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