Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2011-12-29
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
4.25 pages, 2 figures + 1.5 page supplement with one figure
Scientific paper
The one-dimensional transverse-field Ising chain is a prototypical example of a quantum phase transition. While its equilibrium scaling has been understood for more than half a century, here we investigate the nonequilibrium quantum critical dynamics as the system is swept slowly through the critical point (a Kibble-Zurek ramp). Kibble-Zurek scaling is well understood for ramps that end at the quantum critical point or deep in the ordered phase. In this Letter, we solve for the full finite-size scaling forms of excess heat and spin-spin correlation function for an arbitrary time during the ramp. On the ferromagnetic side of the transition, we see negative spin correlations at a distance set by the ramp rate, demonstrating qualitatively the athermal nature of the ramp. We then confirm the universality of the scaling forms by numerically simulating Mott-insulating bosons in a tilted potential, an experimentally-realizable system in the same universality class. Our results indicate that the time scales necessary to see this dynamic scaling should be within the reach of present-day cold atom experiments.
Clark Bryan K.
Huse David A.
Kolodrubetz Michael
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