Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity
Scientific paper
2006-11-20
Phys. Rev. B 75, 094507 (2007)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
8 pages, 10 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.75.094507
We study the nonequilibrium characteristics of superconducting tunnel structures in the case when one of the superconductors is a small island confined between large superconductors. The state of this island can be probed for example via the supercurrent flowing through it. We study both the far-from-equilibrium limit when the rate of injection for the electrons into the island exceeds the energy relaxation inside it, and the quasiequilibrium limit when the electrons equilibrate between themselves. We also address the crossover between these limits employing the collision integral derived for the superconducting case. The clearest signatures of the nonequilibrium limit are the anomalous heating effects seen as a supercurrent suppression at low voltages, and the hysteresis at voltages close to the gap edge $2\Delta/e$, resulting from the peculiar form of the nonequilibrium distribution function.
Giazotto Francesco
Heikkila Tero T.
Laakso Matti A.
Virtanen Pauli
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