Mean-field treatment of the damping of the oscillations of a 1D Bose gas in an optical lattice

Details Mean-field treatment of the damping of the oscillations of a 1D Bose gas in an optical lattice Mean-field treatment of the damping of the oscillations of a 1D Bose gas in an optical lattice

2004-10-26

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0410677v4

Phys. Rev. A 73, 013605 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

Extended and revised version, August 2005

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.73.013605

We present a theoretical treatment of the surprisingly large damping observed recently in one-dimensional Bose-Einstein atomic condensates in optical lattices. We show that time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations can describe qualitatively the main features of the damping observed over a range of lattice depths. We also derive a formula of the fluctuation-dissipation type for the damping, based on a picture in which the coherent motion of the condensate atoms is disrupted as they try to flow through the random local potential created by the irregular motion of noncondensate atoms. We expect this irregular motion to result from the well-known dynamical instability exhibited by the mean-field theory for these systems. When parameters for the characteristic strength and correlation times of the fluctuations, obtained from the HFB calculations, are substituted in the damping formula, we find very good agreement with the experimentally-observed damping, as long as the lattice is shallow enough for the fraction of atoms in the Mott insulator phase to be negligible. We also include, for completeness, the results of other calculations based on the Gutzwiller ansatz, which appear to work better for the deeper lattices.

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