Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2005-06-30
Phys. Rev. B 73, 113307 (2006)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.73.113307
The many-body wave-function of an interacting one-dimensional electron system is probed, focusing on the low-density, strong interaction regime. The properties of the wave-function are determined using tunneling between two long, clean, parallel quantum wires in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure, allowing for gate-controlled electron density. As electron density is lowered to a critical value the many-body state abruptly changes from an extended state with a well-defined momentum to a localized state with a wide range of momentum components. The signature of the localized states appears as discrete tunneling features at resonant gate-voltages, corresponding to the depletion of single electrons and showing Coulomb-blockade behavior. Typically 5-10 such features appear, where the one-electron state has a single-lobed momentum distribution, and the few-electron states have double-lobed distributions with peaks at $\pm k_F$. A theoretical model suggests that for a small number of particles (N<6), the observed state is a mixture of ground and thermally excited spin states.
Auslaender Ophir M.
Baldwin Kirk W.
Fiete Gregory A.
Halperin Bertrand I.
Pfeiffer Loren N.
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