Localization and delocalization of ultracold bosonic atoms in finite optical lattices

Details Localization and delocalization of ultracold bosonic atoms in finite optical lattices Localization and delocalization of ultracold bosonic atoms in finite optical lattices

2007-10-02

arxiv.org/abs/0710.0522v2

Phys. Rev. A 77, 023620 (2008)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

8 pages, 10 figures. Published version

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.77.023620

We study bosonic atoms in small optical lattices by exact diagonalization and observe a striking similarity to the superfluid to Mott insulator transition in macroscopic systems. The momentum distribution, the formation of an energy gap, and the pair correlation function show only a weak size dependence. For noncommensurate filling we reveal in deep lattices a mixture of localized and delocalized particles, which is sensitive to lattice imperfections. Breaking the lattice symmetry causes a Bose-glass-like behavior. We discuss the nature of excited states and orbital effects by using an exact diagonalization technique that includes higher bands.

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