Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2004-03-18
Phys.Rev.Lett. 93 (2004) 190401
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (extend the arguments of cond-mat/0402167)
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.190401
We show that, within mean-field theory, the density profile of a rapidly rotating harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate is of the Thomas-Fermi form as long as the number of vortices is much larger than unity. Two forms of the condensate wave function are explored: i) the lowest Landau level (LLL) wave function with a regular lattice of vortices multiplied by a slowly varying envelope function, which gives rise to components in higher Landau levels; ii) the LLL wave function with a nonuniform vortex lattice. From variational calculations we find it most favorable energetically to retain the LLL form of the wave function but to allow the vortices to deviate slightly from a regular lattice. The predicted distortions of the lattice are small, but in accord with recent measurements at lower rates of rotation.
Baym Gordon
Pethick Christopher J.
Watanabe Gentaro
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