Landau damping: instability mechanism of superfluid Bose gases moving in optical lattices

Details Landau damping: instability mechanism of superfluid Bose gases moving in optical lattices Landau damping: instability mechanism of superfluid Bose gases moving in optical lattices

2006-06-15

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0606398v2

Phys. Rev. A 74, 053611 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

9 pages, 5 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.74.053611

We investigate Landau damping of Bogoliubov excitations in a dilute Bose gas moving in an optical lattice at finite temperatures. Using a 1D tight-binding model, we explicitly obtain the Landau damping rate, the sign of which determines the stability of the condensate. We find that the sign changes at a certain condensate velocity, which is exactly the same as the critical velocity determined by the Landau criterion of superfluidity. This coincidence of the critical velocities reveals the microscopic mechanism of the Landau instability. This instability mechanism is also consistent with the recent experiment suggesting that a thermal cloud plays a crucial role in breakdown of superfluids, since the thermal cloud is also vital in the Landau damping process. We also examine the possibility of simultaneous disappearance of all damping processes.

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