Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2011-11-29
J. Stat. Mech. (2012) L01002
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
11 pages, 2 figures; v2: small changes, close to the published version
Scientific paper
We study long-range interacting systems perturbed by external stochastic forces. Unlike the case of short-range systems, where stochastic forces usually act locally on each particle, here we consider perturbations by external stochastic fields. The system reaches stationary states where external forces balance dissipation on average. These states do not respect detailed balance and support non-vanishing fluxes of conserved quantities. We generalize the kinetic theory of isolated long-range systems to describe the dynamics of this non-equilibrium problem. The kinetic equation that we obtain applies to plasmas, self-gravitating systems, and to a broad class of other systems. Our theoretical results hold for homogeneous states, but may also be generalized to apply to inhomogeneous states. We obtain an excellent agreement between our theoretical predictions and numerical simulations. We discuss possible applications to describe non-equilibrium phase transitions.
Bouchet Freddy
Dauxois Thierry
Gupta Shamik
Nardini Cesare
Ruffo Stefano
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