Isobar of an ideal Bose gas within the grand canonical ensemble

Details Isobar of an ideal Bose gas within the grand canonical ensemble Isobar of an ideal Bose gas within the grand canonical ensemble

2011-05-28

arxiv.org/abs/1105.5697v2

Phys.Rev.A84:023636,2011

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

6 pages, 2 figures; Reference added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.84.023636

We investigate the isobar of an ideal Bose gas confined in a cubic box within the grand canonical ensemble, for a large yet finite number of particles, N. After solving the equation of the spinodal curve, we derive precise formulae for the supercooling and the superheating temperatures which reveal an N^{-1/3} or N^{-1/4} power correction to the known Bose-Einstein condensation temperature in the thermodynamic limit. Numerical computations confirm the accuracy of our analytical approximation, and further show that the isobar zigzags on the temperature-volume plane if N is greater than or equal to 14393. In particular, for the Avogadro's number of particles, the volume expands discretely about 10^5 times. Our results quantitatively agree with a previous study on the canonical ensemble within 0.1% error.

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