Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-12-28
New J. Phys. 12 065029 (2010)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
5 figures
Scientific paper
10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029
The phenomenon of matter wave interference lies at the heart of quantum physics. It has been observed in various contexts in the limit of non-interacting particles as a single particle effect. Here we observe and control matter wave interference whose evolution is driven by interparticle interactions. In a multi-path matter wave interferometer, the macroscopic many-body wave function of an interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensate develops a regular interference pattern, allowing us to detect and directly visualize the effect of interaction-induced phase shifts. We demonstrate control over the phase evolution by inhibiting interaction-induced dephasing and by refocusing a dephased macroscopic matter wave in a spin-echo type experiment. Our results show that interactions in a many-body system lead to a surprisingly coherent evolution, possibly enabling narrow-band and high-brightness matter wave interferometers based on atom lasers.
Daley Andrew J.
Danzl Johann G.
Gustavsson Mattias
Haller Elmar
Hart Russell
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