Impurity-Induced Virtual Bound States in d-Wave Superconductors

Details Impurity-Induced Virtual Bound States in d-Wave Superconductors Impurity-Induced Virtual Bound States in d-Wave Superconductors

1994-07-25

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9407102v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

12 pages and 2 figures, RevTex, LA-UR-94-1944

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.51.15547

It is shown that a single, strongly scattering impurity produces a bound or a virtual bound quasiparticle state inside the gap in a $d$-wave superconductor. The explicit form of the bound state wave function is found to decay exponentially with angle-dependent range. These states provide a natural explanation of the second Cu NMR rate arising from the sites close to Zn impurities in the cuprates. Finally, for finite concentration of impurities in a $d$-wave superconductor, we reexamine the growth of these states into an impurity band, and discuss the Mott criterion for this band.

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