Heavily Damped Motion of One-Dimensional Bose Gases in an Optical Lattice

Details Heavily Damped Motion of One-Dimensional Bose Gases in an Optical Lattice Heavily Damped Motion of One-Dimensional Bose Gases in an Optical Lattice

2008-07-18

arxiv.org/abs/0807.2898v2

Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 030407 (2009)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

4 pages, 5 figures, published version

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.030407

We study the dynamics of strongly correlated one-dimensional Bose gases in a combined harmonic and optical lattice potential subjected to sudden displacement of the confining potential. Using the time-evolving block decimation method, we perform a first-principles quantum many-body simulation of the experiment of Fertig {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 94}, 120403 (2005)] across different values of the lattice depth ranging from the superfluid to the Mott insulator regimes. We find good quantitative agreement with this experiment: the damping of the dipole oscillations is significant even for shallow lattices, and the motion becomes overdamped with increasing lattice depth as observed. We show that the transition to overdamping is attributed to the decay of superfluid flow accelerated by quantum fluctuations, which occurs well before the emergence of Mott insulator domains.

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