Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 1997
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997arcn.rept..491r&link_type=abstract
Analysis of Returned Comet Nucleus Samples, Proceedings of a Workshop held at Milpitas, California, 16-18 January, 1989. Compil
Physics
Comets, Samples, Chemical Analysis, Handling Equipment, Ice, Physical Properties, Spectroscopic Analysis, Experimentation, Minerals, Space Simulators, Cryostats, Composition (Property), Textures, Temperature Effects, Experiment Design
Scientific paper
The preparation and analysis of frozen volatiles at temperatures less than or equal to 77 K via condensation and optical spectroscopy, resp., is traditionally performed in cryostats in situ. The study of larger ice samples, in particular to simulate processes in icy material of the solar system such as comets necessitated a somewhat different approach, cf. Preparation, the proper study in a cooled sample holder, and analysis of the states before and after the experiment have often to be performed at different sites, thus, necessitating cryotransport and handling of the samples under protective conditions, i.e. inert and cold atmosphere or vacuum. This became even more stringent for the comet simulation experiments performed since 1987 by a team of scientists from different disciplines in the Big Space Simulator in the German Aerospace Research Establishment DLR-Koln. Three experiments have been performed with water ice and water- CO2-ice mineral dust mixtures in April 1987 (KOSI-I), April 1988 (KOSI-II), and November 1988 (KOSI-III). A fourth experiment is prepared for May 1989 (KOSI-IV). These experiments deal with icy material of approx. 10 l volume and 4 to 5 kg weight, each for a standard and the proper sample to be irradiated several ten hours with an artificial sun of approx. 1-3 SC. Techniques applied for cryohandling, -transport, -storage and -analysis will be reported here. They may be considered as first tentative steps in view of the development of methods for treatment of icy samples from space brought to earth via return missions such as ROSETTA.
Gerhard Neukum
Heyl Markus
Hsiung P.
Kochan Hermann
Oehler Aandreas
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