Granular cooling of hard needles

Details Granular cooling of hard needles Granular cooling of hard needles

1998-09-14

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9809194v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

7 pages, 8 figures; major changes, extended version

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevE.60.654

We have developed a kinetic theory of hard needles undergoing binary collisions with loss of energy due to normal and tangential restitution. In addition, we have simulated many particle systems of granular hard needles. The theory, based on the assumption of a homogeneous cooling state, predicts that granular cooling of the needles proceeds in two stages: An exponential decay of the initial configuration to a state where translational and rotational energies take on a time independent ratio (not necessarily unity), followed by an algebraic decay of the total kinetic energy $\sim t^{-2}$. The simulations support the theory very well for low and moderate densities. For higher densities, we have observed the onset of the formation of clusters and shear bands.

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