Generation of ring dark solitons by phase engineering and their oscillations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates

Details Generation of ring dark solitons by phase engineering and their oscillations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates Generation of ring dark solitons by phase engineering and their oscillations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates

2011-11-14

arxiv.org/abs/1111.3129v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

7 pages, 9 figures

Scientific paper

The ring dark solitons in spin-1 $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensates are studied numerically in the framework of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equations. By simulating the phase engineering technique in real experiments, we explore the roles of the parameters characterizing the far-off resonant laser pulse which can be used to generate the ring dark solitons. The variations of these parameters have dramatic effect on the lifetime and the decay profiles of the ring dark solitons. If only one ring dark soliton is generated in one component of the condensate, ring dark solitons in other components are inclined to be induced, and they compose a symbiotic state which exhibits regular dynamical oscillations for hundreds of milliseconds. The symbiotic state in $^{87}$Rb condensate enjoys a longer lifetime than that of the $^{23}$Na condensate by bringing in the coherent spin mixings of the internal populations. Besides, taking into account the fact that the center of the ring does not always coincide with that of the trap, we also study the dynamics and decaying profiles of the off-centered ring dark solitons in the presence of symmetry breaking effect.

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