Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2000-06-26
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
5 pages, revtex, 0 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1799
The stationary state of a quantum particle strongly coupled to a quantum thermal bath is known to be non-gibbsian, due to entanglement with the bath. For harmonic potentials, where the system can be described by effective temperatures, thermodynamic relations are shown to take a generalized Gibbsian form, that may violate the Clausius inequality. For the weakly-anharmonic case a Fokker-Planck type description is constructed. It is shown that then work can be extracted from the bath by cyclic variation of a parameter. These apparent violations of the second law are the consequence of quantum coherence in the presence of the slightly off-equilibrium nature of the bath.
Allahverdyan Armen E.
Nieuwenhuizen Th. M.
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