Exploring Symmetry Breaking at the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition

Details Exploring Symmetry Breaking at the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition Exploring Symmetry Breaking at the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition

2011-05-02

arxiv.org/abs/1105.0426v2

Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 140402 (2011)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

4 pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.140402

We study symmetry breaking at the Dicke quantum phase transition by coupling a motional degree of freedom of a Bose-Einstein condensate to the field of an optical cavity. Using an optical heterodyne detection scheme we observe symmetry breaking in real-time and distinguish the two superradiant phases. We explore the process of symmetry breaking in the presence of a small symmetry-breaking field, and study its dependence on the rate at which the critical point is crossed. Coherent switching between the two ordered phases is demonstrated.

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