Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials

Details Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials

2005-03-02

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0503055v1

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 102, (2005), 2299-2304

Physics

Condensed Matter

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks

22 pages, 7 figures, more informations at http://www.jamlab.org

Scientific paper

10.1073/pnas.0409911102

A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed state. It has been a longstanding problem to determine whether this class of systems can be described by concepts arising from equilibrium statistical mechanics, such as an ``effective temperature'' and ``compactivity''. The measurement of the effective temperature is realized in the laboratory by slowly shearing a closely-packed ensemble of spherical beads confined by an external pressure in a Couette geometry. All the probe particles considered in this study, independent of their characteristic features, equilibrate at the same temperature, given by the packing density of the system.

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