Excess Noise in Biased Superconducting Weak Links

Details Excess Noise in Biased Superconducting Weak Links Excess Noise in Biased Superconducting Weak Links

1995-09-05

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9509018v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

8 pages (Latex), 1 figure

Scientific paper

10.1209/epl/i1996-00414-0

Non-equilibrium excess noise of a short quasi one-dimensional constriction between two superconductors is considered. A general expression for the current-current correlation function valid for arbitrary temperatures and bias voltages is derived. This formalism is applied to a current-carrying quantum channel with perfect transparency. Contrary to a transparent channel separating two normal conductors, a weak link between two superconductors exhibits a finite level of noise. The source of noise is fractional Andreev scattering of quasiparticles with energies $|E|$ greater than the half-width $\Delta$ of the superconducting gap. For high bias voltages, $V \gg \Delta /e$, the relation between the zero-frequency limit of the noise spectrum, $S(0)$, and the excess current $I_{\text{exc}}$ reads $S(0)=(1/5)|e|I_{\text{exc}}$. As $\Delta \rightarrow 0$ both the excess noise and the excess current vanish linearly in $\Delta$, %$\propto \Delta$, their ratio being constant.

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