Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2007-12-31
Phys. Rev. B 79, 024426 (2009)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
9 pages, 7 figures; published version; a new section and more references added
Scientific paper
We introduce a spin-1/2 model in three dimensions which is a generalization of the well-known Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice. Following Kitaev, we solve the model exactly by mapping it to a theory of non-interacting fermions in the background of a static Z_2 gauge field. The phase diagram consists of a gapped phase and a gapless one, similar to the two-dimensional case. Interestingly, unlike in the two-dimensional model, in the gapless phase the gap vanishes on a contour in the k space. Furthermore, we show that the flux excitations of the gauge field, due to some local constraints, form loop like structures; such loops exist on a lattice formed by the plaquettes in the original lattice and is topologically equivalent to the pyrochlore lattice. Finally, we derive a low-energy effective Hamiltonian that can be used to study the properties of the excitations in the gapped phase.
Mandal Saptarshi
Surendran Naveen
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