Physics – Fluid Dynamics
Scientific paper
2002-09-06
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 468, 317-326 (2002)
Physics
Fluid Dynamics
no figures
Scientific paper
10.1017/S0022112002001696
Equations that follow from the Navier-Stokes equation and incompressibility but with no other approximations are "exact.". Exact equations relating second- and third-order structure functions are studied, as is an exact incompressibility condition on the second-order velocity structure function. Opportunities for investigations using these equations are discussed. Precisely defined averaging operations are required to obtain exact averaged equations. Ensemble, temporal, and spatial averages are all considered because they produce different statistical equations and because they apply to theoretical purposes, experiment, and numerical simulation of turbulence. Particularly simple exact equations are obtained for the following cases: i) the trace of the structure functions, ii) DNS that has periodic boundary conditions, and iii) an average over a sphere in r-space. The last case (iii) introduces the average over orientations of r into the structure function equations. The energy dissipation rate appears in the exact trace equation without averaging, whereas in previous formulations energy dissipation rate appears after averaging and use of local isotropy. The trace mitigates the effect of anisotropy in the equations, thereby revealing that the trace of the third-order structure function is expected to be superior for quantifying asymptotic scaling laws. The orientation average has the same property.
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