Electron-hole imbalance in superconductor-normal metal mesoscopic structures

Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity

Scientific paper

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6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters

Scientific paper

10.1209/epl/i2002-00124-7

We analysed the electron-hole or, in another words, branch imbalance (BI) and the related electric potential $V_{imb}$ which may arise in a mesoscopic superconductor/normal metal (S/N) structure under non-equilibrium conditions in the presence of a supercurrent. Non-equilibrium conditions can be created in different ways: a) a quasiparticle current flowing between the N reservoirs; b) a temperature gradient between the N reservoirs and no quasiparticle current. It is shown that the voltage $V_{imb}$ oscillates with the phase difference $\phi$. In a cross-geometry structure the voltage $V_{imb}$ arises in the vertical branch and affects the conditions for a transition into the $\pi$-state.

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