Electromechanical Effects in Carbon Nanotubes

Details Electromechanical Effects in Carbon Nanotubes Electromechanical Effects in Carbon Nanotubes

2002-11-18

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0211381v1

Physical Review B 67 (16): Art. No. 161401 APR 15 2003

Physics

Condensed Matter

Materials Science

Submitted to Physical Review Letters on May 23rd 2002

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.67.161401

We perform ab initio calculations of charged graphene and single-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A wealth of electromechanical behaviors is obtained: (1) Both nanotubes and graphene expand upon electron injection. (2) Upon hole injection, metallic nanotubes and graphene display a non-monotonic behavior: Upon increasing hole densities, the lattice constant initially contracts, reaches a minimum, and then starts to expand. The hole densities at minimum lattice constants are 0.3 |e|/atom for graphene and between 0.1 and 0.3 |e|/atom for the metallic nanotubes studied. (3)Semiconducting CNTs with small diameters (d <~ 20 A) always expand upon hole injection; (4) Semiconducting CNTs with large diameters (d >~ 20 A) display a behavior intermediate between those of metallic and large-gap CNTs. (5) The strain versus extra charge displays a linear plus power-law behavior, with characteristic exponents for graphene, metallic, and semiconducting CNTs. All these features are physically understood within a simple tight-binding total-energy model.

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