Physics – Condensed Matter – Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Scientific paper
2005-06-28
Physics
Condensed Matter
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Submitted for publication; April 27, 2005 version
Scientific paper
10.1080/00268970500395661
Amorphous solids exhibit intrinsic, local structural transitions, that give rise to the well known quantum-mechanical two-level systems at low temperatures. We explain the microscopic origin of the electric dipole moment of these two-level systems: The dipole emerges as a result of polarization fluctuations between near degenerate local configurations, which have nearly frozen in at the glass transition. An estimate of the dipole's magnitude, based on the random first order transition theory, is obtained and is found to be consistent with experiment. The interaction between the dipoles is estimated and is shown to contribute significantly to the Gr\"{u}neisen parameter anomaly in low $T$ glasses. In completely amorphous media, the dipole moments are expected to be modest in size despite their collective origin. In partially crystalline materials, however, very large dipoles may arise, possibly explaining the findings of Bauer and Kador, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 118}, 9069 (2003).
Lubchenko Vassiliy
Silbey Robert J.
Wolynes Peter G.
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