Effect of Planetary Rotation on Bulk Transport and Interfacial Mixing in Exchange Flow Through Straits.

Physics – Fluid Dynamics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Laboratory experiments and 2-d numerical calculations are used to model two-layer and stratified exchange flow through oceanic straits. Viscous effects and planetary rotation are explicitly included in this hydraulically driven flow. Both effects reduce the transport. Without rotation, friction and mixing are limited to regions near the solid boundaries and the fluid interface. Planetary rotation leads to a nearly geostrophic interior flow and cross-channel circulations in each layer, driven by Ekman boundary layers at the walls and interface. For even small planetary rotation, the interfacial Ekman layers separate in the cross-channel sense and interfacially mixed fluid is directly advected into the layer interiors. The transport for a variety of channel geometries, rotation rates, flow speeds and hydraulic head values is found to reduce to a simple empirical relation. For flows in which the Rossby radius is within an order of magnitude of the channel width, the transport, Q ∝ log(g'/Ω), where g' is the reduced gravity between the layers and Ω is the planetary rotation rate. Comparisons to previous model results and oceanographic measurements, as well as thermally forced, stratified experiments will be made.

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