Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2011-07-06
Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 (2012) 497
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
Colloquium, 19 pages, 9 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/RevModPhys.84.497
The homotopy theory of topological defects is a powerful tool for organizing and unifying many ideas across a broad range of physical systems. Recently, experimental progress has been made in controlling and measuring colloidal inclusions in liquid crystalline phases. The topological structure of these systems is quite rich but, at the same time, subtle. Motivated by experiment and the power of topological reasoning, we review and expound upon the classification of defects in uniaxial nematic liquid crystals. Particular attention is paid to the ambiguities that arise in these systems, which have no counterpart in the much-storied XY model or the Heisenberg ferromagnet.
Alexander Gareth P.
Chen Bryan Gin-ge
Kamien Randall D.
Matsumoto Elisabetta A.
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