Direct observation of charge inversion by multivalent ions as a universal electrostatic phenomenon

Details Direct observation of charge inversion by multivalent ions as a universal electrostatic phenomenon Direct observation of charge inversion by multivalent ions as a universal electrostatic phenomenon

2004-06-25

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0406636v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

submitted to PRL, 26-04-2004 Changed the presentation of the theory at the end of the paper. Changed small error in estimate o

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.170802

We have directly observed reversal of the polarity of charged surfaces in water upon the addition of tri- and quadrivalent ions using atomic force microscopy. The bulk concentration of multivalent ions at which charge inversion reversibly occurs depends only very weakly on the chemical composition, surface structure, size and lipophilicity of the ions, but is dominated by their valence. These results support the theoretical proposal that spatial correlations between ions are the driving mechanism behind charge inversion.

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