Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2003-10-09
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
7 pages, 6 figures, will be submitted to PRB
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.70.054114
We present {\em direct} and {\em linear} measurements of the normal stiffness and damping of a confined, few molecule thick water layer. The measurements were obtained by use of a small amplitude (0.36 $\textrm{\AA}$), off-resonance Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) technique. We measured stiffness and damping oscillations revealing up to 7 layers separated by 2.56 $\pm$ 0.20 $\textrm{\AA}$. Relaxation times could also be calculated and were found to indicate a significant slow-down of the dynamics of the system as the confining separation was reduced. We found that the dynamics of the system is determined not only by the interfacial pressure, but more significantly by solvation effects which depend on the exact separation of tip and surface. Thus ` solidification\rq seems to not be merely a result of pressure and confinement, but depends strongly on how commensurate the confining cavity is with the molecule size. We were able to model the results by starting from the simple assumption that the relaxation time depends linearly on the film stiffness.
Hoffmann Peter M.
Jeffery Steve
Oral Ahmet
Özer Özgür H.
Pethica John B.
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