Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2011-02-25
Phys. Rev. B 84, 165115 (2011)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
replaced with published version; title changed; typos corrected; references updated
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.84.165115
Dirac-Weyl fermions are massless relativistic particles with a well-defined helicity which arise in the context of high-energy physics. Here we propose a quantum simulation of these paradigmatic fermions using multicomponent ultracold atoms in a two-dimensional square optical lattice. We find that laser-assisted spin-dependent hopping, specifically tuned to the $(2s+1)$-dimensional representations of the $\mathfrak{su}$(2) Lie algebra, directly leads to a regime where the emerging massless excitations correspond to Dirac-Weyl fermions with arbitrary pseudospin $s$. We show that this platform hosts two different phases: a semimetallic phase that occurs for half-integer $s$, and a metallic phase that contains a flat zero-energy band at integer $s$. These phases host a variety of interesting effects, such as a very rich anomalous quantum Hall effect and a remarkable multirefringent Klein tunneling. In addition we show that these effects are directly related to the number of underlying Dirac-Weyl species and zero modes.
Bermudez Alejandro
Goldman Nathan
Lan Zhihao
Lu Wei
Ohberg Patrik
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