Physics – Condensed Matter – Strongly Correlated Electrons
Scientific paper
2001-12-19
Eur. Phys. J. B 26, 167-183 (2002)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Strongly Correlated Electrons
17 pages, 10 figures (.eps), RevTex4
Scientific paper
In the first part of this paper, the extension of the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem to dimensions larger than one is discussed. A counter example to the original formulation of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis and Affleck is exhibited and a more precise statement is formulated. The degeneracy of the ground-state in symmetry breaking phases with long-range order is analyzed. The second and third parts of the paper concern resonating valence-bond (RVB) spin liquids. In these phases the relationship between various authors approaches: Laughlin-Oshikawa, Sutherland, Rokhsar and Kivelson, Read and Chakraborty and the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-Affleck proposal is studied. The deep physical relation between the degeneracy property and the absence of stiffness is explained and illustrated numerically. A new conjecture is formed concerning the absolute absence of sensitivity of the spin liquid ground-states to any twist of the boundary conditions (thermodynamic limit). In the third part of the paper the relations between the quantum numbers of the degenerate multiplets of the spin liquid phases are obtained exactly. Their relationship with a topological property of the wave functions of the low lying levels of this spin liquid phase is emphasized. In spite of the degeneracy of the ground-state, we explain why these phases cannot exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Lhuillier Claire
Mambrini Matthieu
Misguich Grégoire
Sindzingre Philippe
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