Crystallography, magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity of heavy fermion LiV$_2$O$_4$ single crystals grown using a self-flux technique

Details Crystallography, magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity of heavy fermion LiV$_2$O$_4$ single crystals grown using a self-flux technique Crystallography, magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity of heavy fermion LiV$_2$O$_4$ single crystals grown using a self-flux technique

2007-09-14

arxiv.org/abs/0709.2387v3

Phys. Rev. B 76, 054418 (2007); 6 pages

Physics

Condensed Matter

Strongly Correlated Electrons

6 pages, 7 figures, Title modified

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054418

Magnetically pure spinel compound ${\rm LiV_2O_4}$ is a rare $d$-electron heavy fermion. Measurements on single crystals are needed to clarify the mechanism for the heavy fermion behavior in the pure material. In addition, it is known that small concentrations ($< 1$ mol%) of magnetic defects in the structure strongly affect the properties, and measurements on single crystals containing magnetic defects would help to understand the latter behaviors. Herein, we report flux growth of ${\rm LiV_2O_4}$ and preliminary measurements to help resolve these questions. The magnetic susceptibility of some as-grown crystals show a Curie-like upturn at low temperatures, showing the presence of magnetic defects within the spinel structure. The magnetic defects could be removed in some of the crystals by annealing them at 700 $^\circ$C\@. A very high specific heat coefficient $\gamma$ = 450 mJ/(mol K${^2}$\@) was obtained at a temperature of 1.8 K for a crystal containing a magnetic defect concentration $n$${\rm_{defect}}$ = 0.5 mol%. A crystal with $n$${\rm _{defect}}$ = 0.01 mol% showed a residual resistivity ratio of 50.

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