Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2007-04-11
Science 315, 1556 (2007)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
4 pages, 3 figures, accepted version; published document available at http://www.quantumoptics.ethz.ch/publications.html
Scientific paper
10.1126/science.1138807
The phase transition of Bose-Einstein condensation is studied in the critical regime, when fluctuations extend far beyond the length scale of thermal de Broglie waves. Using matter-wave interference we measure the correlation length of these critical fluctuations as a function of temperature. The diverging behavior of the correlation length above the critical temperature is observed, from which we determine the critical exponent of the correlation length for a trapped, weakly interacting Bose gas to be $\nu=0.67\pm 0.13$. This measurement has direct implications for the understanding of second order phase transitions.
Bourdel Thomas
Donner Tobias
Esslinger Tilman
Köhl Michael
Öttl Anton
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